![]() In-text citation: The reference within an APA-style essay made by placing the author’s name and year of publication in brackets next to the material being referenced. Used in some referencing styles to indicate multiple authors without listing all of the authors' names.įootnote: A reference within the paper or assignment to a source by way of a superscript number1 next to the material and another at the foot of the page, where the full bibliographical information and page number/s are entered. ![]() ![]() Not used in APA.Įt al.: Latin abbreviation of 'et alii' which means 'and others'. Footnotes are standard, but some lecturers may prefer endnotes. The equivalent in the MLA style would be a bibliography.Įndnote: A reference within the paper or assignment to a source by way of a superscript number1 next to the material and another at the end of the paper-just before the bibliography-in a numbered list of endnotes, where the full bibliographical information and page number/s are entered. Used in MLA, not APA.īlock quote: In some referencing styles, this is a long quote that is set apart from the main text in an indented paragraph.Ĭite: To refer to the work of another author, either by direct quote or through paraphrasing the work of others.Ĭitation: The in-text reference to a source used.Ĭopyright: The legal right of an author/owner of a work to control the reproduction of that work.ĭOI Digital Object Identifier: A code of mostly numbers (plus sometimes letters) that identifies a digital object, usually a journal article or e-book, on an electronic database.Įdited book: A collection of chapters written by different authors within a single book.Įnd-text referencing: The companion to in-text citations in the APA style: a list of references at the end of your paper which provides the bibliographical information of those items which have been cited in the paper. APA style is most commonly used to cite sources within the social sciences.īibliography: A complete list of sources used in the research of your paper, and listed regardless of whether they have been cited in the paper itself. ![]() Used in APA.Īnthology: A collection of works: usually chapters, plays or poems written by different authors that are published in the same book.ĪPA: American Psychological Association. Abstract: The short paragraph between the title and the introduction of your essay which outlines the content of the paper.
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